Get coaching
This page explains what governing bodies, standards bodies and safety bodies publish. It is not a substitute for lessons from a qualified instructor, avalanche training or medical advice.
How the ISO editions here were found
The iso.org catalogue pages could not be opened during the research, so every ISO edition, date and scope line on this page comes from the catalogue entries as they appeared in search results. Titles and edition years are the more reliable part; the scope descriptions are unconfirmed until read on the page. Whether a particular boot works with a particular binding is stated in the makers' own compatibility information, not on this page.
Alpine boots: ISO 5355
ISO 5355:2019, "Alpine ski-boots: Requirements and test methods", is edition 5, published in April 2019, and is the current edition in the ISO catalogue as found. Its catalogue scope covers alpine boots in the Mondopoint sizing system from size 15.0, in two types: A for adults and C for children. A sixth edition was at committee-draft stage (ISO/CD 5355) when the research searched, which is unconfirmed beyond the listing.
The earlier editions are all withdrawn:
- 2005, with a 2007 corrigendum;
- 1997 and 1991, both titled "Safety requirements and test methods";
- 1982, titled "Ski boots for adults: Interfaces for ski bindings for downhill skiing".
FIS defines the alpine racing boot by reference to ISO 5355 (alpine specifications 2026/27, rule 3.2.1).
Touring boots: ISO 9523
ISO 9523:2023, "Touring ski-boots for adults: Interface with touring ski-bindings: Requirements and test methods", is edition 5, from December 2023. Its catalogue scope is rigid-soled touring boots that attach at toe and heel, and it excludes boots with softer shells, such as telemark boots. The 1990, 2008, 2015 and 2019 editions are withdrawn.
Alpine boots with walking soles: ISO 23223
ISO 23223:2025, "Alpine ski boots with improved walking soles: Interface with alpine ski-bindings: Requirements, test methods and marking", is edition 2, from February 2025. It replaced edition 1 of 2021. Its stated aim, in the catalogue entry, is better walking without affecting the function of alpine bindings designed for such soles.
GripWalk, and which norm it falls under
GripWalk is a boot-sole and binding system credited to Marker and Dalbello (MDV Sports) and first shown at ISPO in 2016. A Snowsports News report of August 2021 said ISO 23223 now defines the sole shape for boots with improved walking function, alongside ISO 5355 and ISO 9523. The same report said ISO 23223 takes full effect for products developed for the 2022/23 season onward; that rests on one trade report relaying the maker and is unconfirmed. The report also relays a claim by MDV Sports that more than 20 companies license GripWalk and that over 60 percent of alpine boots and bindings for 2020/21 already had it or were compatible with it.
The sources disagree about which standard GripWalk sits under:
- Snowsports News (2021): GripWalk falls under ISO 23223.
- A retailer's compatibility guide (seen only as a search summary): GripWalk soles meet ISO 9523. The same guide says another walking-sole system, Walk To Ride (WTR), is not defined by an international standard, while also saying WTR soles meet ISO 9523, so the guide contradicts itself.
This site follows the ISO 23223 account, as the research behind it recommends, and gives the retailer's version only as the other side. The makers' own compatibility lists are where each boot and binding pairing is stated.
Flex numbers
Boot flex numbers are set by each manufacturer. A June 2011 article on Wildsnow, a backcountry-skiing publication, by Louis Dawson says no official flex standard exists, that the informal scale runs roughly from 30 to 130, and that the numbers mainly rank models within one brand. The article also says boot stiffness changes with the temperature of the plastic. Salomon, a maker, is reported in a search-result summary (its page could not be opened, so the wording is unconfirmed) as saying that boots with the same flex rating can differ between brands and categories, and that stiffness depends on shell material and thickness, buckles and liner.
Boots in the racing rules
| Discipline | Body and document | Boot rule |
|---|---|---|
| Alpine | FIS alpine specifications 2026/27, 1.2.1 (same in 2025/26, 1.2) | Sole thickness 43 mm maximum for women, men, U14 and U16; U12 should match; masters 45 mm as a recommendation |
| Alpine | FIS alpine specifications 2026/27, 1.2.2 | New in 2026/27: a maximum overall boot height set by sole length, in bands (values not given here: the research could not read the table reliably). The 2025/26 edition has no such table. |
| Freestyle, freeski, ski cross | FIS snowboard, freestyle, freeski and ski cross specifications 2026/27, B.4 | Sole thickness 43 mm maximum for women and men |
| Cross-country | FIS cross-country, ski jumping and Nordic combined specifications 2026/27, B.4 | As commercially available; no limits on material or make beyond the general restrictions |
| Ski jumping | Same document, C.3.3 to C.3.3.4 and C.2.3.2 (read from a marked-up copy: needs confirming against a clean copy) | Only homologated jumping boots at World Cup, World Championships and ski flying World Championships; no quick-release mechanism on the boot; the rear of the boot must lean at no less than 65 degrees; sole 40 mm maximum, and sole plus binding wedge 50 mm maximum |
| Ski mountaineering | ISMF Rules and Guidelines 2025-26, 31.1 (ISMF, not FIS) | Minimum weight of shell and dry liner 500 g for men and U20 men, 450 g for all women's categories and U18 men; at least two independent closures; compatible with metal crampons; notched rubber soles over the whole sole; cross-country boots forbidden; no full-carbon boots for U18 and younger |
The alpine stand-height limit, which works together with the boot-sole limit, is on FIS race ski rules. Snowboard boots appear in the research only through the binding standards, on bindings and standards.
Sources
- ISO 5355:2019, Alpine ski-boots: requirements and test methods (catalogue entry)
- ISO/CD 5355, sixth edition at committee draft (catalogue entry)
- ISO 5355:2005 (catalogue entry, withdrawn)
- ISO 5355:1997 (catalogue entry, withdrawn)
- ISO 5355:1982 (catalogue entry, withdrawn)
- ISO 9523:2023, Touring ski-boots for adults: interface with touring ski-bindings (catalogue entry)
- ISO 9523:2019 (catalogue entry, withdrawn)
- ISO 9523:1990 (catalogue entry, withdrawn)
- ISO 23223:2025, Alpine ski boots with improved walking soles (catalogue entry)
- ISO 23223:2021 (catalogue entry, replaced)
- Snowsports News, Marker and Dalbello's GripWalk receives ISO certification (August 2021)
- Retailer statement: ski boot sole and binding compatibility guide (search-result summary only)
- Louis Dawson, Ski boot stiffness and flex ratings, Wildsnow (9 June 2011, republished)
- Salomon, What is ski boot flex? (search-result summary only)
- FIS, Specifications for Alpine Competition Equipment, Edition 2026/2027 (July 2026)
- FIS, Specifications for Alpine Competition Equipment, Edition 2025/2026 (July 2025)
- FIS, Specifications for Competition Equipment: Snowboard, Freestyle, Freeski and Ski Cross, Edition 2026/2027 (June 2026)
- FIS, Specifications for Competition Equipment: Cross-Country, Ski Jumping, Nordic Combined, Edition 2026/2027 (marked-up copy)
- International Ski Mountaineering Federation (ISMF), Rules and Guidelines 2025-26, in force 30 October 2025 (copy hosted by the Deutscher Alpenverein)